Analisis Pengaruh Arah Laminate Struktur Komposit Limbah Kain Katun – Upr Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Dan Sifat Fisik

Bahri, Ibnu Faisal (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Arah Laminate Struktur Komposit Limbah Kain Katun – Upr Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Dan Sifat Fisik. Sarjana (S1) thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Indonesia.

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Abstract

Advancements in science and technology within the manufacturing industry continue to drive the development of new materials that are high-performance, lightweight, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. Consequently, industry players are seeking alternative materials to replace or reduce metal usage; one such avenue is the development of composite materials using cotton fabric waste. Cotton fabric waste can serve as a reinforcing agent in Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPR)-based composites due to its lightweight nature, ready availability, and potential as an eco-friendly material. This study aims to determine the effect of varying laminate orientations on the mechanical properties, physical properties, and microstructure of cotton fabric waste/UPR composites. The composites were fabricated using the hand lay-up method with a composition of 20% cotton fabric fiber and 80% UPR matrix. The laminate orientation variations employed were 45°/90°, 45°/180°, and 90°/180°. Testing included tensile testing (ASTM D638 Type I), physical property testing (JIS A5908-2003), and microstructural observation using a digital microscope. The results indicate that laminate orientation variations influence the characteristics of the resulting composites. The 45°/180° variation yielded the highest tensile strength (9.06566 MPa) and modulus of elasticity (0.91041 GPa), whereas the 90°/180° variation produced the lowest tensile strength (4.58165 MPa). Regarding physical properties, the 45°/180° variation exhibited the lowest thickness swelling value (1.92%), indicating superior dimensional stability compared to the other variations. Microstructural observations across all three variations revealed the presence of voids and cracks within the matrix; these defects affected the fiber-resin bonding quality, thereby contributing to a reduction in the composites' mechanical properties.
Keywords: composite, cotton fabric waste, Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPR), laminate orientation, mechanical properties, physical properties.

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